humans-consumption-antimicrobial-43.html
DANMAP 2015 3D
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danmap 2015 44 antimicrobial
consumption
in humans 5. 5. antimicrobial
consumption
in humans highlights: in 2015, the total
consumption
of antimicrobials in humans was 18.5 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (
did
), very similar to the
consumption
in 2014 (18.58
did
).
penicillins
remained the most frequently used antimicrobial agent in both primary health care (65%) and in hospital care (51%). within this drug group large changes in
consumption
have taken place in the last decade (from 2006 to 2015): in the primary sector betalacta- mase sensitive
penicillins
decreased by 19% (5.40
did
to 4.33
did
), while, simultaneously, combination
penicillins
increased by 1200% (0.12
did
to 1.42
did
). in the hospital sector betalactamase sensitive
penicillins
decreased by 27% (45.26 dbd to 30.52 dbd) and com- bination
penicillins
increased by approximately 600% (7.77 dbd to 54.14 dbd). in 2015 combination
penicillins
constituted 9% of the total antimicrobial
consumption
in the primary sector and 17% in the hospital sector, which makes them the largest antimicrobial drug group consumed in the hospital sector. in 2015, the
consumption
of critically important antimicrobials was as follows at hospitals: fluoroquinolones continued to constitute 9% of the
consumption
(9.30 dbd), cephalospo- rines constituted 15% (11.47 dbd), an increase in the proportional
consumption
compared to 2014 (11%, the proportional
consumption
of cephalosporins at hospitals increased and in 2015 they constituted 15% of the hospital
consumption
, corresponding to 11.47 dbd. 2nd generation cephalosporins make the largest share of the cephalosporins used at hospitals (10.37 dbd in 2015). in the primary sector the
consumption
of cephalosporins is close to zero. the
consumption
of carbapenems, mainly meropenem, has increased drastically during the last five years, in 2015 it constitutet 4% of the total con- sumption of antimicrobials at hospitals. the past decade has seen three marked changes in the overall amounts of antimicrobials consumed: (1) the number of ddds per patient has increased from 17.9 ddd/patient to 21.8 ddd/patient (22%). (2) the number of ddds per 1,000 inhabitants increased from 5,584.5 in 2006 to its peak of 6,387.5 in 2011 (14%), but declined to 5,913 in 2015, yielding a total increase of 6% during the decade. (3) the number of antimicrobial prescriptions per 1,000 inhabitants increased until 2011 but has since declined, showing a total decrease from 587.47 in 2006 to 511.46 in 2015 (- 13%). during the past twenty years, the total
consumption
of antimicrobials increased by 38% (from 13.60
did
in 1996 to 18.50
did
in 2015). this increase happened primarily from 2000 to 2011 with large increases in 2006 - 2007 and 2009 -2010. as for the last decade, changes in the primary sector were mainly due to changes in the
consumption
of the different
penicillins
: the beta-lactamase resistant
penicillins
increased from 0.30
did
to 1.38
did
(360%),
penicillins
with extended spectrum increased from 2.50
did
to 3.61
did
(44%) and combination
penicillins
in- creased from zero to 1.42
did
. the increase in
penicillins
with extended spectrum was primarily due to changes in the treatment of urinary tract infections from sulfonamides (from 0.40
did
to 0.18
did
) to pivmecillinam (0.30
did
to 2.38
did
). the beta-lactamase sensitive
penicillins
were the only group of
penicillins
, where the
consumption
did
not continue to increase through all 20 years but decreased since 2007, yielding a total reduction from 4.50
did
to 4.30
did
(- 4%).
consumption-dbd-data-45.html
