data-use-antimicrobials-14.html
DANMAP 2015 3D
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15 danmap 2015 2. danmap - 20 years
feed
mills on the basis of a veterinary prescription and data are reported directly to vetstat. medicated
feed
is
use
d mainly in aquaculture. the only exception to the rule that
antimicrobials
are pre- scription-only is the
use
of coccidiostats. the consumption of coccidiostats is reported by
feed
mills to vetstat. combining information contained within chr about herd size and type with data on the antimicrobial prescribed, including recommended dosages, allows vetstat to monitor total usage as animal defined dosages [jensen et al, 2004]. this metric is highly attractive in terms of permitting comparison of usage over time, even when patterns of
use
of
antimicrobials
with different potency vary over time. it also makes it possible to show which part of production is associated with a particularly high
use
of
antimicrobials
, eg.
use
in weaner pigs is much higher than in older age groups. in addition, relevant changes in dispensation form (eg. parenteral vs. oral) can be extracted from the database. interventions in the animal sector data on the
use
of
antimicrobials
have been reported annually in the danmap reports (www.danmap.org) and have formed the basis for a number of interventions by stakeholders ? primarily the relevant authorities, but also the animal industry associations. figure 4 shows a timeline on interventions to reduce antimi- crobial consumption. among the most notable in the veterinary field are ? implementation of veterinary advisory service contracts (vasc) the first statutory order on vasc in herds of cattle and pigs came into force in 1995. since then, the concept has been improved and extended several times. in 2010, vasc became mandatory for large herds of cattle and pigs as well as mink farms. the vasc results in frequent veterinary advisory visits and provides the farmer with extended treatment possibilities. the most important aims of the vasc are to focus on advice and prevention of illness rather than treatment, to optimize the
use
of
antimicrobials
in order to minimize antimicrobial resistance and to improve animal welfare. ? stop for
use
of antimicrobial growth promoters since 2006,
use
of agps has been illegal within the eu. danmap has helped document the effect of the ban on antimicrobial resistance. ? prudent
use
guidelines in pigs and cattle official guidelines on the
use
of
antimicrobials
in pigs and cattle have been available since 1996. they were initially developed by the national veterinary laboratory (now dtu dani sh health data authority vetstat medicated
feed
coccidiostats pharmacies
feed
mills figure 3. harvesting data on antimicrobial consumption in animals for vetstat illustration: erik jacobsen note: all
antimicrobials
use
d for animals must be prescribed by veterinarians and most prescriptions are processed at pharmacies (98% of the total
use
), of the
antimicrobials
processed at pharmacies, 3% are administered directly by the veterinarians and 95% are distributed via the pharmacies. in addition, 2% of the total
use
, are distributed via medicated
feed
.
industry-national-reduction-16.html
